York Boat

It was named for the Hudson’s Bay Co’s York Factory; one of 3 types of inland boats the (the others being scows and sturgeon-heads) used by the HBC, and the most suitable for the lake travel. Boatbuilders recruited from the Orkney is built the first boat about 1749, for use on the Albany R. In competition inland with the NWC the York boat offered the HBC a distinct advantage, since it carried twice the cargo of a canot du nord with the same number of crew; it was less easily damaged by ice and was safer in storms. The typical boat had a 9.1 m keel and an overall length of 12.6 m, beam 2.7 m and inside depth of 0.9 m. It carried 6 to 8 tripmen and a cargo of over 2700 kg. By the late 18th century the HBC had boat-building stations from James Bay to Ft Chipewyan, and in 1795 York boats were first at Ft Edmonton. In the early 20th century York boats were of 3 sizes, “60 pieces” (2700 kg), “100 pieces” (4535 kg) and “120 pieces” (5440 kg). By the 1920’s the York boat had passed from service.

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